Association of Arab Universities Journal of Engineering Sciences

Performance enhancing of transporting grains from a silo to a mill by using transporting tubes’s

2026-06-30T00:30:23+03:00

The study aims to improve milling performance in light of an engineering problem: the unavailability of friction-resistant pipes locally, leading to rapid corrosion. Due to high import costs, a local solution was proposed by increasing pipe thickness and reinforcing bends. A theoretical and practical investigation was conducted using stainless steel pipes, with real-time grain flow measurements taken from the mill to evaluate efficiency.

The Impact of Outdoor Lighting on Spatial Safety in Open Public Spaces: A Case Study of the Institute of Applied Arts

2026-06-30T00:30:24+03:00

Spatial safety represents a key element in the planning of university environments, particularly in outdoor areas that experience constant circulation of students and staff. This study addresses the challenges associated with spatial safety in selected open spaces within the Institute of Applied Arts, where inadequate lighting and narrow pedestrian routes contribute to a reduced sense of safety. With a student body of approximately 730 individuals, these spatial limitations hinder natural surveillance and elevate feelings of restriction among users. The objective of the research is to examine the impact of outdoor lighting on perceived spatial safety through a field-based investigation that included direct site observations and a structured questionnaire distributed to 50 female students. Results indicate that poor lighting distribution and restricted pathway dimensions significantly affect visibility and comfort, ultimately undermining users' sense of security. Respondents consistently highlighted that improving the quality and distribution of lighting, as well as widening key circulation paths, would lead to a safer and more accessible environment. The findings underscore the importance of integrating effective lighting technologies—such as LED fixtures and motion sensors—and optimizing spatial layout to support both safety and user mobility. The study concludes that design interventions focused on visibility and movement flow can play a vital role in creating flexible and secure outdoor spaces that meet the needs of growing student populations.

Effectiveness of Artificial Lighting Techniques on Architectural Facades of Commercial Buildings in Baghdad City at Night

2026-06-30T00:30:29+03:00

Since the beginning of the 21st, Baghdad has witnessed a remarkable change in the visual perception of urban space, obtained through the diverse activations of artificial lighting techniques in public streets, particularly on the facades of commercial buildings. This has resulted in various treatments characterized by their effectiveness in enhancing the perception of buildings and their impact on the commercial function in the city. The research problem emerged from the lake of scientific knowledge regarding the type of modern artificial lighting techniques and their effectiveness on the architectural formation of facades of commercial buildings in Baghdad at night, as well as their effects on the viewer. Accordingly, the study dealt with the impact of artificial lighting on human perception of the commercial building facades at night, and searched the approved classifications of artificial lighting and their techniques. The aim was to provide a fundamental information base for activating artificial lighting techniques, which helps designers to find innovative solutions that add new expressions and functional lighting to commercial buildings. The study assumes that artificial lighting techniques have a clear impact on both expression and functional levels of commercial building facades at night. The most significant findings of this article are that artificial lighting techniques play an active role in adding a dynamic quality to facades, thus enhancing the architectural value of buildings. Additionally, choosing the most appropriate lighting techniques not only enhances commercial value but also has noticeable effect on social interaction, place identity, and the vitality of the surrounding environment.